End of Waste Criteria to achieve a Toxic-Free Circular Economy in the EU

Zero Waste Europe and the Rethink Plastic alliance have identified key principles and safeguards for clear, consistent, and enforceable end-of-waste (EoW) criteria, anchored in protecting human health and the environment.

The development of EoW criteria is a tool to support the transition towards the circular economy by developing a new recycling market at the European level and harmonising the different approaches among Member States.

Driven by the need for transparency, traceability, clarity, enforceability, and non-toxicity, this report outlines the general rules for EoW, with two specific sections on plastics and textiles.

Available in English.

Scrutinising scientific standards

This report critically examines the European Commission’s JRC study on plastic recycling technologies, exposing major methodological flaws that favour chemical recycling. It challenges the credibility of industry-backed data and highlights the true environmental costs of solvent- and pyrolysis-based methods. With clear recommendations for policymakers, it calls for science-based, transparent assessments to guide sustainable recycling strategies.

Available in English.