Guidance for municipalities on the best-performing methods to separately collect bio-waste

The EU’s Waste Framework Directive requires all Member States to separately collect bio-waste from January 1, 2024. With ambitious recycling targets of 60–65%, effective bio-waste collection is crucial for meeting circular economy goals. However, some municipalities may opt for cheaper, less effective collection methods, such as large street bins, risking lower recycling performance.

This paper presents data from various European regions, demonstrating that door-to-door collection yields the highest quantity and quality of bio-waste. It outlines key performance indicators and policy recommendations for municipalities aiming to implement high-performing systems. The study conclusively finds that door-to-door collection is the most efficient and cost-effective method for achieving high-quality bio-waste recycling.

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